Российские быстрорастущие технологические компании. Том 1. Кейсы из коллекции Высшей школы бизнеса ВШЭ

Действительно, если сегодня такие компании имеют возможность успешно расти и обеспечивать свой рост за счет собственных средств или привлечения кредитов, то изыскать средства для проведения НИОКР очень непросто.

Еще одна достаточно часто упоминаемая мера связана с поддержкой участия в выставках и деловых миссиях. Наиболее востребована такая поддержка для продвижения отечественных продуктов на внешних рынках. В условиях, когда российский технологический бизнес только начинает проникать на внешние рынки и еще не имеет большого опыта в данном направлении, помощь в развитии экспорта со стороны государства будет крайне необходима, не потребует больших затрат и даст положительный эффект.

Executive summary

High-growth firms (HGFs) or gazelles, according to many studies, make a major contribution to economic growth and job creation. In some countries, they create up to half of all new jobs. Researchers also note their significant contribution to exports and their role in promoting innovation and increasing productivity.

HGF support programs have been launched today in dozens of countries, including Russia.

One of the main challenges for HGF researchers: HGFs’ samples are unstable and can change significantly in a short time. Also, researchers do not have a single and comprehensive definition of a HGF. This study is based on the OECD definition of HGF: a company must demonstrate 20 % annual revenue growth over the previous three years. The research focuses on Russian technological HGFs.

The first part of the study shows the main features of Russian HGFs that can be extracted from statistics:

1. HGFs’ share in the total number of Russian companies from the surveyed sectors reaches only 1.42 %. Of more than million Russian companies, only 14.6 thousand have shown high growth (as defined by the OECD). Compared to other developing and developed countries, this is a low share of companies of this type.

2. The overwhelming majority of companies considered in this study belong to low-tech sectors of the economy.

At the same time, the medium- and high-tech sectors (especially IT) create much more jobs per unit of revenue growth.

3. Relationship to the high-tech sector, as well as export activity in the Russian situation does not affect the sustainability and duration of the rapid growth of the considered HGFs. The most stable growth is shown by companies from the agricultural and mining sectors.