Революции в России. Теория и практика социальных преобразований

8

Production for the market and directly for state requirements raised the issues of disciplined work and remuneration. The Council of Labor Unions introduced strict rules of conduct at state-owned enterprises in April 1918, and after the October Revolution performance-based pay replaced work hours–based pay, meaning that a quarter of the workers at the companies in Petrograd received performance-based pay by July. LCW. Vol. 27. P. 583. See also: Szamuely L. Az elso szocialista gazdasаgi mechanizmusok. K?zgazdasаgi еs Jogi K?nyvkiadу.

Budapest, 1971; Krausz T. Szocializmus-kеpek a huszas еvekben. Аtmeneti korszak еs szocializmus // Vilаgossаg. 1984. № 4. P. 202–210.

9

LCW. Vol. 25. P. 330.

10

Ibid. Vol. 27. P. 259.

11

Bukharin N., Preobrazhensky E. The ABC of Communism / Translated from the Russian by Eden and Cedar Paul. Harmondsworth, Middlesex: Penguin Books, 1969. P. 209; in Russian: Bukharin N., Preobrazhenskiy Y. Azbuka kommunizma. Petersburg: Gosizdat Peterburg, 1920.

P. 123–125.

12

LCW. Vol. 30. P. 506.

13

LCW. Vol. 25. P. 471.

14

Lenin could not have known that under the decades of “state socialist” and “existing socialist” rule hordes of writers who considered themselves Marxists would mix-and-match state and social property together – arm in arm with the (neo)liberals and neoconservatives. Not to mention the false explanations that have come to the fore since the collapse of state socialism, the most typical and common of which is state socialism being called “communism.

”

15

See: Lenin’s speech at the 11th Congress in March 1922 // LCW. Vol. 33. P. 279.

16

Studies, books, and publications of sources related to the NEP can hardly be followed in recent years. See among more recent works the book under the name of A.N. Yakovlev, and written by colleagues, which contains an extensive large collection of material, Rossiya nepovskaya (Moscow: Noviy hronograf, 2002).

17

“The cooperatives must be granted state loans that are greater, if only by a little, than the loans we grant to private enterprises.” (The cooperative order as socialism.) “But it will take a whole historical epoch to get the entire population into the work of the cooperatives through NEP.” See: Lenin V.I. On Cooperation // LCW. Vol. 33. P. 469–470.

18

Ibid. P. 472–473.

19

LCW. Vol. 33. P. 474.

20

Ibid. P.