Глоссариум по искусственному интеллекту: 2500 терминов. Том 2

The International Monetary Fund distributes International Financial Statistics in a mixed-character format and binary (packed-decimal) format. SAS and SPSS store their system files in binary format[165 - Binary format [Электронный ресурс] www.umich.edu URL: https://www.icpsr.umich.edu/web/ICPSR/cms/2042#B (дата обращения: 07.07.2022)].

Binary number is a number written using binary notation which only uses zeros and ones. Example: Decimal number 7 in binary notation is: 111[166 - Binary number [Электронный ресурс] www.

umich.edu URL: https://www.icpsr.umich.edu/web/ICPSR/cms/2042#B (дата обращения: 07.07.2022)].

Binary tree is a tree data structure in which each node has at most two children, which are referred to as the left child and the right child. A recursive definition using just set theory notions is that a (non-empty) binary tree is a tuple (L, S, R), where L and R are binary trees or the empty set and S is a singleton set. Some authors allow the binary tree to be the empty set as well[167 - Binary tree [Электронный ресурс] https://habr.

com URL: https://habr.com/ru/post/267855/ (дата обращения: 31.01.2022)].

Binning is the process of combining charge from neighboring pixels in a CCD during readout. This process is performed prior to digitization in the CCD chip using dedicated serial and parallel register control. The two main benefits of binning are improved signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and the ability to increase frame rates, albeit at the cost of reduced spatial resolution.

Bioconservatism (a portmanteau of biology and conservatism) is a stance of hesitancy and skepticism regarding radical technological advances, especially those that seek to modify or enhance the human condition. Bioconservatism is characterized by a belief that technological trends in today’s society risk compromising human dignity, and by opposition to movements and technologies including transhumanism, human genetic modification, «strong» artificial intelligence, and the technological singularity.

Many bioconservatives also oppose the use of technologies such as life extension and preimplantation genetic screening[168 - Bioconservatism [Электронный ресурс] https://en.wikipedia.org URL: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bioconservatism (дата обращения: 07.07.2022)],[169 - .Bioconservatism [Электронный ресурс] www.wise-geek.com URL: https://www.wise-geek.com/what-is-bioconservatism.htm (дата обращения: 07.07.2022)].