Екатеринбург. Краткая история

In the early 1800s, Yekaterinburg became an important center of mining and engineering, especially under the Demidov family of industrialists. In 1801, Alexander Grigorievich Demidov purchased an ironworks and opened new factories, significantly increasing production. By the 1850s the population of the city grew to 7 thousand people.

In 1879 Ekaterinburg became a key station on the new railroad connecting Moscow with Siberia. This stimulated further industrialization, including the development of metallurgy, machine building, mills and mining.

After the Bolshevik Revolution, the factories were nationalized. In 1924, Ekaterinburg became known as Sverdlovsk, after Yakov Sverdlov, one of the leaders of the Bolshevik Party. During Stalin’s industrialization of the 1930s, huge new factories, blast furnaces, and hydroelectric power plants were built, fueled by labor camps.

During the Great Patriotic War, Sverdlovsk factories produced tanks, artillery, ammunition, and other military equipment. After the war, the city continued to develop as a diversified industrial center producing trucks, industrial robots and special steels.

In the 1960s and 1980s, the population surpassed 1 million. Major infrastructure projects improved water supply, public transportation, and cleaned the Iset River of pollution. The city skyline was dominated by massive apartment buildings and factories.

After 1991, due to Russia’s transition to a market economy, many factories closed. In 1991, the city was returned to its historical name, Yekaterinburg. In the 2000s, the city’s economy recovered due to the development of commerce and reconstruction of heavy industry enterprises. As a result, the standard of living improved and the city’s appearance improved.

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