Переводим тексты по экономике = Translating Economy

And there are two people in the world – a cattle rancher and a potato farmer – each of whom would like to eat both meat and potatoes.

The gains from trade are most obvious if the rancher can produce only meat and the farmer can produce only potatoes. In one scenario, the rancher and the farmer could choose to have nothing to do with each other. But after several months of eating beef roasted, boiled, broiled, and grilled, the rancher might decide that self-sufficiency is not all it’s cracked up to be. The farmer, who has been eating potatoes mashed, fried, baked, and scalloped, would likely agree.

It is easy to see that trade would allow them to enjoy greater variety: Each could then have a steak with a baked potato or a burger with fries.

Although this scene illustrates most simply how everyone can benefit from trade, the gains would be similar if the rancher and the farmer were each capable of producing the other good, but only at great cost. Suppose, for example, that the potato farmer is able to raise cattle and produce meat, but that he is not very good at it.

Similarly, suppose that the cattle rancher is able to grow potatoes but that her land is not very well suited for it. In this case, the farmer and the rancher can each benefit by specializing in what he or she does best and then trading with the other.

From: Gregory N. Mankiw. Principles of Economics. 6

edition. Central-Western Cengage Learning, 2012.

5. Explain (in the original language) the following words and expressions from the text:

6.

Give a written translation of the text (or some part of it – in accordance with the teacher’s task) into Russian.

7. Work in the group of three. “Back- translate” orally your Russian translation of the text into English.

8. Find equivalents to the following words and expressions:

Verb+ economy: build economy, rebuild economy, control economy, handle economy, manage economy, manipulate economy, operate economy, regulate economy, run economy, boost economy, develop economy, expand economy, help economy, improve economy, kick-start economy, reinvigorate economy, rescue economy, revive economy, stabilize economy, stimulate economy, strengthen economy, liberalize economy, damage economy, harm economy, weaken economy, wreck economy.

economy + Verb: economy can develop, expand, flourish, grow; be in/go into recession, collapse, contract, fail, slow, stagnate; pick up, recover, stabilize.