Metal Corrosion. Electroplating (Защита от металлов от коррозии. Гальванотехника)

Corrosion is a natural and costly process of destruction like earthquakes, tornados, floods and volcanic eruptions, with one major difference. Сorrosion can be prevented or at least controlled. Several definitions of corrosion are reproduced below:

(A) Corrosion is the surface wastage that occurs when metals are exposed to reactive environments.

(B) Corrosion is the result of interaction between a metal and environments which results in its gradual destruction.

(C) Corrosion is an aspect of the decay of materials by chemical or biological agents.

(D) Corrosion is an extractive metallurgy in reverse.

(E) Corrosion is the deterioration of materials as a result of reaction with its environment (Fontana).

(F) Corrosion is the destructive attack of a metal by chemical or electrochemical reaction with the environment (Uhlig).

Despite different definitions, it can be observed that corrosion is basically the result of interaction between materials and their environment.

9.

химическое взаимодействие

физико-химическое взаимодействие

термодинамическая неустойчивость

разрушение металлов

металл окисляется

электрохимический процесс

коррозийная среда

причины коррозии

10. Give Russian equivalents to the following word combinations and learn them by heart:

reduction of metal thickness

loss of mechanical strength

structural failure

perforation of vessels and pipes

profile-making industrial equipment

electrical conductivity

blockage of pipes

solid corrosion products

11.

1. Millions of dollars are lost each year due to the corrosion of iron and steel.

2. The problem with iron as well as many other metals is that the oxide formed by oxidation does not firmly adhere to the surface of the metal and flakes off easily causing "pitting".

3. Extensive pitting eventually causes structural weakness and disintegration of the metal.

4. Corrosion occurs in the presence of moisture.

5. The formation of rust can occur at some distance away from the actual pitting or erosion of iron.

6. The involvement of water accounts for the fact that rusting occurs much more rapidly in moist conditions as compared to a dry environment such as a desert.

7. The presence of salt greatly enhances the rusting of metals.

8.