Английский язык. Сравнительная педагогика

Translate these expressions:

Milestone, system of numbering, selectively, to achieve success, prehistoric times, to run down, rewards, frustrating, enabled man, promoting learning, meaning of life, critical pedagogy, to involve, environment, customs, apprenticeship, warfare, gestures.

4. Answer the questions:

1. What kind of job is teaching?

2. How did people learn about the meaning of life?

3. What was the first major milestone in the history of education?

4. What do the rituals usually involve?

5.

What does the term “pedagogy” mean?

6. What does the role of a teacher require?

7. How do different schools organize their teaching?

5. Translate into English:

1. Обучение приносит много наград и удовольствий.

2. Учителя должны иметь способность общаться, вызывать доверие и уверенность и мотивировать учащихся.

3. Раньше у людей не было системы письма и чисел.

4. Ритуалы проводились в периоды войн, засухи или смерти.

5. Изобретение разговорного языка позволило человеку общаться более точно.

6. Так как общество становится все более сложным, учителя берут на себя больше ответственности за воспитание молодежи.

7. В доисторические времена учащиеся обучались путем подражания и обучения.

TEXT B

6. Read and translate the text.

Aristotle (384 BC – 322 BC) was a Greek philosopher, a student of Plato and teacher of Alexander the Great. Aristotle is one of the most important founding figures in Western philosophy.

Aristotle's writings were the first to create a comprehensive system of Western philosophy, encompassing morality and aesthetics, logic and science, politics and metaphysics.

Aristotle was an academic throughout his career. At the age of 18 he entered one of the most renowned centres of learning of his day, Plato’s Academy, where he became noted for the passion with which he devoted himself to his studies, particularly to reading, a trait which won him the nickname of ‘reader’.

Then he built up the first great library which served as a model for the libraries of Alexandria and Pergamon. In 334 Aristotle returned to Athens and established his own school, the Lyceum. It was a type of university where research was pursued as an extension of higher education.

For Aristotle the goal of education is identical with the goal of man. Obviously all forms of education are explicitly or implicitly directed towards a human ideal.