Нижний Новгород. Краткая история

During World War II, more than 500 factories were evacuated to the city. In 1985, construction of the subway began.

During the Soviet period, Nizhny Novgorod turned into one of the largest industrial centers of the country.

In the 1930s, the Gorky Automobile Plant was built, which became the most important automobile manufacturer in the USSR. By the 1980s, GAZ employed about 100,000 workers and produced over 650,000 cars annually.

During the Great Patriotic War, many Nizhny Novgorod enterprises were evacuated from the western regions of the USSR.

In particular, the Kharkov Locomotive Plant was evacuated to the Krasnoye Sormovo plant. After the war, the plant became one of the largest in Europe in the production of rolling stock for railroads.

In 1950-1960s a number of new giants of industry were built – plants "Sokol", "Heat Exchanger", radio plant named after Lenin and others. Production of radio electronics, instrumentation, chemical industry was developing.

In 1970-1980s technical re-equipment of Nizhny Novgorod enterprises continued. The largest plants (GAZ, Krasnoe Sormovo, Sokol) mastered the production of new models of products, production volumes increased.

Railway engineering – Nizhny Novgorod was the center of steam locomotives and diesel trains development. It provided more than 50% of locomotives used in the USSR.

After 1991 and the collapse of the USSR, Nizhny Novgorod industry experienced a decline due to a systemic crisis.

Many enterprises reduced production, some of them were closed.

In the post-Soviet period, Nizhny Novgorod experienced a revival, gaining a diversified economy with a focus on trade, aerospace, radio electronics, and automobile manufacturing. The historic city center was extensively restored.

Nizhny Novgorod has retained its historic architecture and importance as a trade center. Among the sights of the city are the vast walls of the Kremlin and the Arsenal building, the Governor's House, the cathedrals of the 18th century, the modern Chkalov Stairs on the Volga embankment.

The city has theaters, museums and major universities.

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